Prazosin works 10-12 hours, doxazosin and terazosin -18-24 feast A1adrenoblokatorov side effects: dizziness, nasal congestion, mild orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, frequent urination. Labetalol, in addition, injected with hyper-pertenzivnyh crises. a2 ? blockers - labetalol (trandat), carvedilol (dilatrend) reduce cardiac output (block radrenoreceptors) and reduce peripheral vascular tone (block aadrenoreceptors). Excretion of thiocyanate slow (t1 / feast for 3 days) and prolonged intravenous introduction of sodium nitroprusside is feast cumulation thiocyanate and begins to manifest its toxicity - tinnitus blurred vision, disorientation, delirium, convulsions. Duration of action approximately 24 hours In response to a decrease in blood pressure reflexly activated sympathetic innervation is - there is pronounced reflex tachycardia, increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone Full Blood Exam resulting in there delay in body Na + and water. Donator N0 - drugs in the metabolism of which will deliver, given nitrous oxide (N0), identical to the endothelial relaxing factor. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging metabolism of nitroglycerin N0 selection due to the action of thiol enzymes, with the depletion of which relate ryh addictive nitroglycerin. However, if radrenoblokatory applied systematically, through a 1 -2 weeks vasoconstriction is replaced by its extension - blood pressure decreases. In contrast, nitroglycerin sodium nitroprusside extends equally to arterial and venous-courts. a1 a2Adrenoblokator phentolamine is used in pheochromocytoma before the operator and the walkie-talkie during the removal of pheochromocytoma, and also in cases where surgery is impossible. Therefore does not recommend intravenous drip of sodium nitroprusside more than 18-34 hours Activators of potassium channels - here minoxidil-selective expansion satisfy the arterial vessels and lower blood pressure, frequency of contractions of the heart reflexly increases. Drugs administered orally for a systematic treatment hypertension. Duration of action of diazoxide - 4-20 hours Side effects of diazoxide: hypotension, dizziness, hyper-skin changes, hyperglycemia (decreased secretion insulin because of the activation of potassium channels). Myotropic mechanism of action here not been elucidated. On the background of hyperpolarization difficult opening of voltage-Ca2 + channels, is disturbed of calcium-reduction of smooth muscle of the arteries - blood pressure decreases. For a systematic treatment of hypertension frequently used ? 1 blockers of long-acting - atenolol (Tenormin; operates about 24 h), betaxolol (valid until 36 h). When action of Ca2 + ATPase Ca2 + ions transported from the cytoplasm to sarkoplazmati-crystal reticulum Ca2 + content in the cytoplasm feast Reduction of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm leads feast relaxation of smooth muscles of blood vessels feast decreases effect of a Ca2 + calmodulin kinase on myosin light chain). For drugs in this group include nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside. At a slower introduction of the effectiveness of dia-zoksida reduced because the drug is almost entirely (94%) bound to plasma proteins (for the same reason diazoxide is not very effective when taken orally). Decreases ingibiruyushee fosfolambana influence on Ca2 + ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum. The drug is used in hypertensive crises, acute left ventricular non-sufficiency, as well as for controlled hypotension during surgical operations. Carvedilol is also used in chronic heart failure.
No comments:
Post a Comment